Note: Yesterday,
as Bob Schieffer noted at the beginning of the Presidential debate, was the 50th
anniversary of President John Kennedy’s broadcast speech which marked the start
of the Cuban Missile Crisis. It was
terrifying then. And subsequent
revelations have shown that the world was even closer to nuclear annihilation
than we believed at the time. In far
away Cheyenne, Wyoming a thirteen year old boy heard—and acted.
I
was in my father’s car. I believe it was
his official State of Wyoming 1960 Chevrolet station wagon. We had the radio on. Dad was doing me a favor. He was a man of infinite patience that way. We had just visited the Quonset hut that served as the official headquarters of Wyoming Civil Defense. I had in my lap a box stuffed full of
literature on how to build a bomb shelter, plan an emergency evacuation,
explanation’s of the public shelter program, blue tri-fold brochures emblazoned
with the triangle-in-a-circle logo of Your
Civil Defense!
The
literature was destined for the Civil Defense office that I had set up on
folding tables outside my basement bedroom.
Ever since the election when John
Kennedy kept talking about the missile
gap I had been obsessed with what seemed like an inevitable nuclear
war.
In
Cheyenne, where America’s first ICBM base had been built at Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, it
was hard to avoid. It was a matter of
some civic pride that the missile base made us “one of the top ten nuclear
targets.” Students at Eastwood Elementary School regularly
conducted air raid drills. Sometimes we
were instructed to duck under our desks and cover hour heads with a thick text
book. Other times we were taken out to
the empty field across the street and told to lie face down with our hand
interlaced behind our heads. This was so
the atomic blast could “roll over us.” We were also told not to look up lest
the flash of the exploding bomb burn our eyeballs out.
Other
kids might have shrugged it off. But I
was a patriot. I wanted to do something
for my country, just like President Kennedy had said. I was informed. I read both the Wyoming Eagle and the Tribune
and got my own copy of Time every week in the mail. Ok, it may have been a little unusual for a
thirteen year old boy, but that’s the way I was.
At
some point I had gotten a hold of New
York Governor Nelson Rockefeller’s report on Civil Defense and actually
read it. It was meant to shore up a
proposal that the state of New York build public shelters, but it had become
the inspiration for the fall-out shelter craze that was sweeping the
nation. I was among those swept. For some months I had been visiting the CD
quintet hut and gathering literature. I
obtained a nice Civil Defense decal which I put on the glass of our front storm
door. I even found a real white Civil
Defense helmet from World War II at
an Army surplus store. I buttonholed everyone I could think of to
promote preparedness.
And
my Dad took in stride. Maybe he knew
that I just felt better thinking that there was something that I could do. He drove me on my trips to the Quonset hut
and probably used his clout as a member of the Wyoming cabinet to get them to
give me all of the literature I wanted.
They had plenty.
But
despite my pleas, Dad would not build us our own shelter. Not for him the trouble and expense of
digging a big hole in the backyard, lining it with re-enforced concrete,
installing a blast proof steal door and an efficient ventilation system,
stocking it with food and water for our family of four for at least six months,
and, yes keeping a good rifle on hand to shoot the improvident neighbors who
had not planned ahead. No he just
wouldn’t do it. Secretly, looking back
on it, I suspect that he knew an atomic explosion in the neighborhood with
either not survivable or not worth surviving.
Anyway,
that’s what we were doing at 5 PM Mountain
Standard Time when Kissin’ KIMN
out of Denver, Colorado interrupted
their regular broadcast of top 40 rock
‘n’ roll “to bring you the President
of the United States.” We drove home
in silence listening to details of our confrontation the Communist Russia over those missiles in Cuba.
Except
for school time, I was glued to the TV set for the next two weeks eager to hear
any glimmer of news. Late at night I
used Dad’s old Atwater Kent table
radio which could pick up short wave
broadcasts from just about anywhere, including the BBC and even English language
broadcasts from Radio Havana. We all breathed easier when we got the
word that the Ruskies had folded and
were shipping their rockets back home.
But
what about next time? There was sure to
be a next time. I got to thinking about
those school drills and decided that they were not enough. The school needed a real Civil Defense
plan. So I started writing one. I typed copies out on my new Sterling Smith-Corona portable with
several sheets of onion skin and carbon paper.
Each homeroom, I proposed, should have an elected student Warden to help the teacher with
evacuation plans and keep order. The
Wardens should be equipped with helmets, webbed belts with a water canteen and
first aid kit, and police night stick just in case there was panic. I went down to the Army surplus store and
priced helmets and clubs. In addition
each class room was to have a box containing emergency supplies, which students
would be required to bring from home—things like toilet paper and bags for
excrement, bandages and first aid supplies, a flashlight, a transistor radio, and plenty of
batteries. In case of an attack the
Warden and teacher were to scoop up the box and guide the class in an orderly
manner to a designated shelter, which would adequately be stocked with K-rations and drums of water.
One
morning I took my bundle of papers and presented them to the Principal, who solemnly accepted
them. He told me he would take the
matter up with the School Board. And he actually did! A few weeks later I was told that my plan had
been approved not just for Eastridge, but for the entire school system. Of course they made some changes. The helmets and night sticks were out, but
they would allow the student Wardens to have nice official looking arm
bands. They had students in the Jr. High
shop classes make boxes from galvanized sheet metal. Every home room got one and kids got lists of
what to bring from home to fill them.
Sometime
the next spring there were elections for student Wardens. Everyone in the school knew that the whole
thing was my idea. But in my homeroom, I
was not even nominated. One of the
popular kids, one of the guys who were always picked first in gym class, was
elected unanimously. The next week when
the student Wardens had their first meeting to organize and learn about the program
after school, I just went home. The
Principle asked me why I had not come to explain my plan. I told him that I wasn’t elected and didn’t
feel I should. He shrugged and went
about his business.
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