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| At age 81 Leonard Cohan continues to tour and record and is probably more popular today than ever before in his long career. |
For most Americans Leonard Cohen is a raspy
voiced singer-song writer best known for the many covers of his
compositions. Judy Collins introduced him to the audience in 1967 when she recorded Suzanne. His other early and widely recorded songs
included Sisters of Mercy, So Long, Marianne, Hey,
That’s No Way to Say Goodbye, and Bird on the Wire. Later Hallelujah, a powerful,
haunting song became almost ubiquitous with more than 150 recorded versions by
artists as diverse at Jeff Buckley, Ruffus Wainwright, Willie Nelson, Justin
Timberlake, and k. d. lang, who
sang it at the opening ceremonies of the 2010
Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver,
before a world-wide TV audience
estimated at 3 billion viewers. Cohen
himself has made successful tours
presenting his words and music to increasingly adoring crowds.
But to Canadians Cohen is something more—a renaissance man recognized as virtually the national poet and the author of brilliant post-modern novels as well as a musician and song
writer. He has been called a national treasure and the most significant Canadian cultural figure
of all time.
Leonard Cohen was born on September
21, 1934 in Montreal, Quebec to two Jewish emigrants. His mother was Lithuanian and his father, Polish.
His father, who died when the boy was only 9, had owned successful men’s clothing stores and left a trust fund for his son which, though
modest, enabled him to pursue studies
and then a career in the arts.
As a child Cohen felt the weight of
being in the lineage of the High Priests of the Temple.
He attended Herzliah High
School, a Jewish day school. Despite the traditional European education,
young Cohen was drawn to North American folk
music and began to play the guitar and sing with his own group, the Buckskin Boys.
In 1951 Cohen enrolled in Canada’s
most prestigious school, McGill University and also began
exploring the bohemian coffee houses and bars that were nurturing experimental
young poets. He excelled at school
and became captain of McGill’s renowned
Debating Union. His first collection of poetry, Let Us Compare Mythologies was
published as the first book in the new McGill
Poetry Series in 1956 while Cohen was still an undergraduate. After graduating
he went on to one semester of McGill Law School, and then studied at Columbia University in New York City.
Cohen’s second book, The
Spice-Box of Earth published in 1961 when he was 27 years old, won considerable attention
in Canada as well as notice in Britain.
Many of its poems have become staples of Canadian poetry
anthologies and literature texts.
Following its publication he retreated for several years to the island
of Hydra in Greece, where worked on the sharper, darker poems collected in Flowers for Hitler published in
1964.
During the same period of self-imposed exile, Cohn turned his
attention to the novel. His
autobiographical The Favourite Game about a young man discovering himself
through writing and sexual adventures was published in England and
the U.S. after being rejected by his Canadian publisher. Even then, the manuscript was cut nearly in
half. The book was not a success,
although due to his popularity as a poet attracted some attention. It was a bitter experience.
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| The young poet reading in 1966. |
None the less, Cohen pressed forward and in
1966 published Beautiful Losers, a highly experimental novel of
an unusual love triangle among devotees of the Mohawk Catholic Kateri Tekakwitha who has officially been beatified and is a candidate for sainthood. The book is
widely considered a masterpiece.
In the late 1960’s Cohen tuned much
of his attention to music. He relocated
to the Untied States in 1967 to pursue a career as a song writer and with the encouragement of Judy Collins and his then love interest Joni Mitchell and got a
contract with Columbia for an album,
The
Songs of Leonard Cohen. It
became a cult record in the U.S.,
not achieving Gold Record status for
nearly twenty years. But it was a major hit in Canada, Britain, and in
Europe. The songs on the album became
known by the covers by Collins, Fairport
Convention, Roberta Flack, Johnny Cash and many other artists.
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| Cohen had a relationship with fellow Canadian Joni Mitchell, but Judy Collins encouraged him to become a performing musician. In addition to popularizing his songs like Suzanne, she brought him on tour and here joins him on stage in Newport in 1967. |
Cohen concentrated on his music
career, but continued to issue new poetry every few years. Selected Poems 1956-1968 which
included previously un-collected pieces,
work from his earlier books, and song lyrics became the kind of battered
paperback book stuffed into the back pocked of jeans worn by aspiring poets
across the globe. In 1978 Death of a Lady's Man, a major collection of poetry
and prose came out. After years of study
of Zen Buddhism, Book of Mercy 1984, the winner
of the Canadian Author's Association
Literary Award for Poetry was published containing 50 prose poems
influenced by the Bible, Torah, and Zen writings which have been
categorized as psalms or prayers. 1993 saw Stranger
Music: Selected Poems and Songs,
the Book of Longing came out
in 2006, Poems and Songs in
2011, and Fifteen Poems in 2012.
But the bulk of the 70’s and 80’s were consumed by Cohen’s active
musical career which included active touring of Canada, Europe, and the U.S. and
more than half a dozen albums recorded in a variety of musical styles. He even collaborated with producer Phil Spector on Death of a Ladies’ Man, but it was an unhappy project
and the notoriously unstable Spector
threatened Cohen with a cross bow
after one row. Cohen also collaborated with other artists on
scores for short films, a rock opera,
and other projects.
In 1994 Cohen interrupted his career to enter the Mt. Baldy Zen Center near Los Angeles for what became five years
of solitude and study culminating in
his ordination as a Rinzai Zen monk.
His Buddhism did not constitute an abandonment
of his Jewish faith, however. He
remained an observant Jew. Cohen pointed
out that there were neither petitionary
prayer nor a god figure in Zen
practice and that the two were not incompatible.
After leaving the monastery, Cohen
resumed writing poetry, sending new material to be posted on a fan
website. By 2001 he was back in the
studio recording Ten New Songs
which became a phenomenal international hit. After 2004’s Dear Heather album which reflected a lifting of years of depression due to his Zen
practice, Cohen became embroiled in dispute
with his long time manager, who he
accused of embezzling more than five
million dollars in funds supposed to be invested for his retirement. After long court battles including counter
suits, Cohen was vindicated, but unable to force his manager to repay the
money. He was forced into bankruptcy in
2005.
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| Induction to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. |
Cohen launched a hugely successful
world tour in 2008 that continued intermittently for two years.
With the success of
cover versions of Hallelujah
he
drew big crowds in the U.S. as well as with his established international
audience.
In recent years honors have been
heaped on Cohen including Companion of
the Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian honor in 2003; Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame in
2006; Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in
2008; Grand Officer of the National
Order of Quebec the same year; a Grammy
Life Time Achievement Award and the Songwriter’s
Hall of Fame in 2001; the PEN Award
for Song Lyrics of Literary Excellence; and three Juno Awards—a top Canadian music award for his most recent work in
2013 and ’15.
Today Cohen lives in Los Angeles
with his long time companion and collaborator jazz singer and songwriter Anjani
Thomas. and is at work on a new album.
