Edward Beard Budding's 1830 lawnmowing machine.
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Note—Although extreme weather has plagued much of the U.S. this spring, an
exceptionally wet, cool spring has
created the first world problem of extremely lush grass growth requiring almost
constant attention in order to retain any shred of suburban
respectability. On a Saturday like today
the neighborhood will be noisy with machines and sweaty operators hurrying to finish
the job before the next round of rain moves in.
On our blocks of modest Mid-Century ranch and split level homes on small
lots are trimmed mostly by walk-behind mowers.
A couple of folks who have riding tractor mowers look vaguely ridiculous
but may be secretly envied.
On May 18, 1830 an English
textile worker and tinkerer Edwin Beard
Budding patented the first mechanical
lawnmower. He based his design on a velvet sheering device at his
mill. Blades mounted on a cylinder
rotated as the machine was pushed sheering grass against a stationary
blade. It could be pushed by a strong
man and also had an auxiliary handle so it could be pulled by a second.
While functional, his device was
cumbersome and heavy, too expensive for the middling classes and not worth the investment by the grand owners
of those country estates who could rely on legions of gardeners with scythes
and sheep to keep their sweeping
lawns under control.
A small army of groundskeepers and their push reel lawnmowers kept things tidy at the World Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893.
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Forty years later American Elwood McGuire patented a
simpler, lighter weight reel machine that could be mass produced and sold at
reasonable prices. By 1885 50,000 push mowers were being sold annually in
the United States. This caused a
revolution in home landscaping.
Previously front yards had often been small, weedy
and often simply trampled ground apt to turn seasonally to mud or dust while back yards were reserved for home
gardens and livestock. Both were typically surrounded by high wooden
fences so the neighbors couldn’t
complain. First front yards, then rear
ones were transformed into lawns in imitation of the estates of the wealthy but
on a much more modest scale.
A suburban man, evidently without strong sons, tackles a post-World War II front yard.
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Stockade fences
came down to be replaced with picturesque pickets
or decorative iron. As long as husbands, sons, or help
could be relied on for a couple of hours a week, middle class women could enjoy
a new feeling of enhanced status. But
lawns in cities, small towns and the emerging suburbs alike continued to be modest in size because pushing the
mower was still a lot of work.
Enter the back yard tinkerers who spent decades
trying to effectively mount an engine
on the mower. Most tried mounting heavy steam or gasoline powered motors to existing reel machines.
The
breakthrough came in 1919 when Colonel Edwin George mounted a new light 2-cycle engine perfected during the First World War on a platform
directly driving a rotating blade
spinning parallel to the ground.
The new power machines did not really catch on
in large numbers until the explosion of suburbia
after World War II. In fact a good argument can be made that
the leap to large lots that characterized the post-war suburban boon would have
been impossible without them.
Vintage rotary deck power mowers are a collector's item.
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Now power mowers are a
major source of air pollution in
many areas and modernized push mowers have made a modest comeback among the ecologically minded and mindless fitness enthusiasts.
But this writer, whose
muscles still ache from the memory of doing the quarter acre lot on Cheshire Drive in Cheyenne with a cranky push mower, still uses Col. George’s improvement—and
relies on a trusty son-in-law, Kevin
Rotter to do the job.
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